Environmental Regulations essays

Environmental Regulations essays There are a number of environmental regulations that are considered too costly. It is important to explore if the economics effects of environmental public policy outweigh the costs. There are a number of arguments both for and against environmental regulations and their cost. While those opposed to these regulations offer proof of their beliefs, those who favor the regulations present compelling facts, both economically and environmentally, for their case. The President's Council on Sustainable Development submitted a recommendation in 1996 for environmental policy changes "aimed to empower individuals and institutions to move rapidly along the path toward sustainability. A major step to that goal is outlined in a report that reiterates the council's conviction that the United States' goal must be to become a zero-waste society (Olson)." The report which is entitled "Sustainable American: A New Consensus for Prosperity, Opportunity, and a Healthy Environment for the Future, calls for wide-ranging changes that would fundamentally alter how the United States solves problems (Olson)." The main concept of the report is the "assumption that social, economic, and environmental problems are inescapably intertwined and must be solved Companies such as the computer chip manufacturer, Intel, are adopting "eco-efficient manufacturing principles which involve redesigning industrial processes to mimic natural ecosystems' recycling of energy and natural resources (Olson)." These companies have found these methods provide economic benefits, while at the same time preserving the Environmental regulations may be deemed costly by opponents, however those in favor have offered scientific and economic proof these regulations are beneficial. These proponents are able to protect the environment as ...

Definition and Examples of Organization in Composition

Definition and Examples of Organization in Composition In composition  and speech, the organization is the arrangement of ideas, incidents, evidence, or details in a perceptible order in a paragraph,  essay, or speech.  It is also known as the elements  arrangement  or  dispositio,  as in  classical rhetoric.  It was defined by  Aristotle in Metaphysics  as  the order of that which has parts, either according to place or  potentia  or form. As Diana Hacker wrote in Rules for Writers, Although paragraphs (and indeed whole essays) may be patterned in any number of ways, certain patterns of organization occur frequently, either alone or in combination: examples and illustrations, narration, description, process, comparison and contrast, analogy, cause and effect, classification and division, and definition. There is nothing particularly magical about these patterns (sometimes called methods of development). They simply reflect some of the ways in which we think.  (Diana Hacker, with Nancy I. Sommers, Thomas Robert Jehn, and Jane Rosenzweig, Rules for Writers with 2009 MLA and 2010 APA Updates, Bedford/St. Martins, 2009) Choosing a Format Basically, the goal is to choose an organizational method  that enables your report, essay, presentation, or article to clearly convey your information and message to your audience. Your topic and message will dictate that. Are you trying to persuade, report findings, describe something, compare and contrast two things, instruct, or tell someones story? Figure out the thesis statement or message you want to get across- boil it down in one sentence if you can- and  what you aim to do will help you to choose your essays structure. If youre writing instructional text, youll want to go in chronological order. If youre reporting findings of an experiment or your conclusions after analyzing a text, youll start with your thesis statement and then support your ideas with evidence, explaining how you came to your conclusion. If youre telling someones story, you may have a chronological organization for much of the piece, but not necessarily right at the introduction. If youre writing a news story for a publication, you may need to work in reverse-pyramid style, which puts the most immediate information up top, giving people the gist of the story even if they read only one or two paragraphs. Theyll get more detail the further into the story they read. Outlines Even if you just sketch a rough outline on scratch paper with a topic list and arrows, making it will help the drafting of the paper go more smoothly. Putting a plan in place can also save you time later because youll be able to rearrange things even before you start writing. Having an outline doesnt mean things wont change as you go, but just having one can help ground you and give you a place to start. Dwight Macdonald wrote in The New York Times, [T]he  great basic principle of organization:  put everything on the same subject in the same place. I remember when an editor, Ralph Ingersoll I think, casually explained this trick of the trade to me, that my first reaction was obviously,  my second but why didnt it ever occur to me? and my third that it was one of those profound banalities everybody knows after theyve been told. (Rreview of Luce and His Empire,  in The New York Times Book Review, 1972. Rpt. in Discriminations: Essays and Afterthoughts, 1938–1974, by Dwight Macdonald. Viking Press, 1974) Introductions and Body Text Whatever you write, youll need a strong introduction. If your readers dont find something to hook their interest  in the first paragraph, all your research and effort into making your report wont achieve their goal of informing or persuading an audience. After the intro, then you get into the meat of your information. You wont necessarily write your intro first, even though your reader will see it first. Sometimes you need to start in the middle, just so youre not overwhelmed with a blank page for long. Start with the basics, the background, or boiling down your research- just to get going- and come back to writing the intro at the end. Writing the background often gives you an idea of how you want to do the intro, so you dont need to fret over it. Just get the words moving. Organizing Paragraphs  Structure Dont get too hung up on a particular formula for each paragraph, though. Stephen Wilbers wrote, Paragraphs range from tightly structured to loosely structured. Any scheme will do as long as the paragraph seems to hold together. Many paragraphs begin with a topic sentence or generalization, followed by a clarifying or limiting statement and one or more sentences of explanation or development. Some conclude with a resolution statement. Others delay the topic sentence until the end. Others have no topic sentence at all. Each paragraph should be designed to achieve its particular purpose. (Keys to Great Writing, Writers Digest Books, 2000) Conclusions Some pieces that you write may need a wrap-up type of conclusion- especially if youre out to persuade or present findings- where you give a quick summary of the high points of what youve just presented in detail. Shorter papers may not necessarily need this type of conclusion, as it will feel overly repetitive or belabored to the reader. Instead of a straight-out summary, you can come at it a bit differently  and discuss the significance of your topic, set up a sequel (talk about its potential in the future), or bring back the scene from the beginning with a little added twist, knowing what you know now, with the information presented in the article. Speeches Writing a speech or presentation is similar to writing a paper, but you may need a bit more bounce back to your main points- depending on the length of your presentation and the detail you plan to cover- to make sure that the crux of your information is solidified in the audience members mind. Speeches and presentations likely do need highlights in a summary conclusion, but none of the repetition need be long- just enough to make the message memorable.

Am I Blue written by Beth Henley Tell how a literary device was used Essay

Am I Blue written by Beth Henley Tell how a literary device was used in the drama - Essay Example Through their dialogue the audience learns that John is a future farmer. He currently is in a fraternity at college. John plans on getting a business degree before going into the family farm business. He is a virgin and planning on visiting a prostitute that night. All of these life plans and history are told in a relatively short time. Ashbe tells John that she is a thief, practices voodoo, and even offers to sleep with him in this one Act play. All of this information comes out in the dialogue within a short amount of time. Only dialogue relays the information. If a Hollywood movie had been made about these two, the running time would be beyond the normal two hours. Henley put so much information into her dialogue by throwing both of her main characters together and having them bear their souls to each other. The dialogue might not be what an ordinary individual might engage in, but it is believable. The dialogue is believable because of the characters. If the two characters had not been tragically flawed, John being an over pressured virgin, or Ashbe being a thief, the dialogue would not have worked. The dialogue also works because both characters are young. The young are not as guarded as an older group. The characters are what make the dialogue believable. The timelessness of the dialogue also contributed to the play’s success. Only one term, which was â€Å"cathouse†, made reference to an older time. However â€Å"cathouse† could be a term that is used today. It is a term that could be reflected in New Orleans’ culture. Other than that one term all of the dialogue does not reflect a certain time or place. Am I Blue is unique due to the dialogue. All of the information and timelessness related by the dialogue could not be achieved with action alone. The dialogue is what makes the play interesting and consuming. When the audience is finding out about John and Ashbe through the interesting

IT Commentary Presentation PowerPoint Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IT Commentary - PowerPoint Presentation Example American Express Service, the Verizon Wireless IOS Smartphone, the near field communications technologies and the USA technologies- The company has designed a cashless payment, a wireless payment and M2M telemetry technology for use in the vending machines. Over 62,000 vending machines using eport connect cashless payment and USAT’S eport point- of-sale devices have got the ISIS smart tap technology enabled. The technology is meant for rewards access, loyalty programs and contactless payments (Mobile Payments Today, 2013) The NFC technology uses wireless means to exchange data between an NFC -enabled device and other devices. Verizon customer can use the Android Smartphone as their wallet that safely stores the virtual versions of their debit cards and credit cards. It also serves as a home to coupons, loyalty cards and some other special offers (Mobile Payments Today, 2013). For one to use the ISIS mobile wallet he/she require the following materials; A T-Mobile Advanced SIM Card which is capable of information storage and protection, regarding payments and any other sensitive wallet details. There is also need for An ISIS enabled Smartphone that has support the NFC technology in the transfer of payment details at a check point. A major setback for the new subscribers is that you will have or need to purchase a new Advanced SIM, which could be costly (Bunton, 2013). Some of the locations where this ISIS Mobile Wallet can be used include; Office Deport, Coca-Cola vending machines, American Apparel, T-Mobile and many others. This mobile app enables the users to store the virtual versions of their staff in there wallets, in the Smartphone. The app enables the customers to maintain their loyalty information, payment information, money saving offers and discount information in one place that is convenient. For example; New American Express Service Account holders who sign for an account through the ISIS Mobile wallet by the end of the month of June will receive

The collapse of the European economies after World War 1 Essay Example for Free

The collapse of the European economies after World War 1 Essay During the course of this essay I will discuss how America was advantaged by the collapse of the European economies after World War 1. How the policies of the Republican Government helped to surge the American economy. I will discuss how this economic boom did not benefit everyone in America and how the motor car industry helped stimulate Americas growing economy, and how luxury goods became more available in America, and I will continue with how hire purchase and credit was highly available during this time of prosperity. I will outline who did and who did not benefit from this booming economy, also how reversals in U.S. policy occurred during 1919-1922. Then I will continue to explain the McCumber traffic act which issued a tariff on foreign goods entering America to encourage Americas to purchase American goods and thus helping the economy to grow further; leading to an increase in customer spending. I will tell you how Woodrow Wilson introduced the League of Nations, and how the USA isolated itself from the international community so as to avoid conflict. I will look at how Americas vast amounts of natural resources were a contributing factor to the growth of the economy. Before the war, Germany had the largest chemical industry in the world but after the war it was significantly damaged and America took the place of the Germans in this industry, which greatly improved Americas economy. They also took over European trade. Europe was on its knees after the war so they borrowed money from the U.S. This provided the U.S. with a good regular source of revenue. The American economy was running away with itself. This was due to the explosion of the car industry. Henry Ford was a car manufacturer. He came up with the idea of the first production line. This meant that different jobs were allocated to different people and in different stages, meaning production was more effective. The car industry used up to 80% of Americas steel 75% of the glass in the U.S. and 65% of leather and rubber. By the end of the 1920s, the motor car industry was the biggest industry in America. It also employed hundreds of thousands of workers directly. It kept many people in other industries employed. Petrol was needed to run the car which brought about a new branch of businesses, which branched off from the car industries; petrol stations, the road building industry, motels, roadside diners, billboards and mechanic services were just some of these new businesses. Road construction was the biggest single employer in the 1920s. Owning a car was no longer a privilege reserved for the rich. The production line had mad making cars cheaper, so more people could afford them. There was one car to every five people in the USA, compared with one to 43 in Britain and one to 700 in Russia. The car made it possible for more people to buy houses further from the cities. This boosted the house building industry as the American economy grew, more people spent money on luxury goods, this lead to such goods becoming more available in America and more companies making them. Telephones, radios, vacuum cleaners and washing machines were mass produced on a vast scale making them cheaper. New electrical companies such as Hoover became household names; they used the latest most efficient techniques proposed by the industrial efficiency movement. At the same time, the larger industries used sophisticated sales and marketing techniques to get people to purchase their products. Mass nationwide advisements were used for the first time in the U.S. during the war to get Americans to support the war. Many of the people had learned their skills during the war and had now set up agencies to sell cars, cigarettes, clothing and other products. Poster advertisements, radio advertisements and travelling salesmen encouraged America to spend. Even if they did not have money people could now borrow it easily or they could take advantage of the new buy now pay later hire purchase schemes. By this time, the car industry was flourishing; the most famous car produced was the model T. More than 15 million where produced between 1908 and 1925. In 1927 they were produced at a rate of one every ten seconds. In 1929, 4.8 million cars were made. The boom in the American economy was helped by the republican policies from 1920 to 1932. All the U.S. presidents were republicans and republicans also dominated congress. Republicans believed that government should interfere as little as possible in the everyday lives of the people. This attitude is called `laissez-faire`. They believed the job of the president was to leave the business to the businessmen. The republicans believed in import tariffs which made it expensive to import foreign goods. For example, in 1922, Haring introduced the Fordney-McCumber tariff which made imported food expensive in the USA. These tariffs protected businesses against foreign competition and allowed American companies to grow even more rapidly. The USA also began closing its borders to foreign immigrants. Taxation was kept as low as possible this brought some benefits to ordinary working people. But it brought even more to the rich. The republicans thinking was, the more money people had, the more they would spend in America and the wealthy would re-invest in America. They also allowed the development of trusts. These were huge super-corporations which dominated industry. Woodrow Wilson and the democrats had fought against trusts, because they believed it was unhealthy for men such as Garnegie (steel) and Rockefeller (oil) to have almost complete control of one vital sector of industry. The republicans allowed the trusts to do what they wanted, believing that the captains of industry knew better than politicians did. However, this time of prosperity in America was not felt by the whole population. Farming was at a low point. The total U.S. farming income dropped from $22 billion in 1919 to just $13 billion in 1928. There where a number of factors that contributed to these problems. After the war, Europe imported less food from the U.S. This was partly because, Europe was poor and partly due to the tariffs which stopped Europe from exporting to the U.S. farmers were also struggling against competition from the efficient Canadian wheat producers. The population of the U.S. was falling which meant there where fewer mouths to feed. At the route of all these difficulties was overproduction. This resulted in wheat being produced which simply nobody wanted. In the 1920s the U.S. farmer was each year producing enough to feed his family and 14 others. Prices dropt dramatically as desperation kicked in and farmers tried to sell their produce. Most farm prices fell by 50 per cent. Hundreds of rural banks collapsed in the 1900s and there were five times as many farms going out of business as there had been in the 1900s and 1910s. Not all farmers were affected by these problems. Wealthy Americans wanted fresh vegetables throughout the year. For most farmers, the 1920s were a time of great difficulty .and this was a major concern. About half of all Americans lived in rural areas; the difficulty affected more than 60 million Americans. Lots of Americans lost their jobs, these where largely unskilled workers, mainly immigrants.

Labour Party and the New Liberalist Ideas Essay -- social democracy, gr

Social Democracy is a political ideology referring to multiple areas in Europe during the early 20th century. Democracy is a term founded in Greece. A democracy is rule by the people, for the people. A social democracy was formed in the 1870s up until the time of World War I, the ultimate goal of a social democracy in Europe during the time between the end of World War I and the beginning of World War II was to create equality through human change and help the people lead themselves into lives of equality. Equality is a goal many nations during the early 20th century were trying to achieve. Social democracy after William returned from World War I and during the interwar period was largely comprised of the New Liberalist ideas and the Labour Movement. England: 1935. Just seventeen years after the ‘end ’ of World War I and less than four years away from the beginning of World War II, England was in the midst of great growth. England had experienced changes in their economy, their politics, and the ways of life of the British people (reword?). Whether these changes were positive or negative, the lives of the British population would have changed immensely. Throughout William’s young adult life, he has lived in different places, and had different jobs. But before World War I, William left France and came back to his homeland, England hoping to find a job. William worked as a shipbuilder while he was in France, but he eventually lost his job . While the cost of living continually rose , William suffered. During the height of World War I, William enlisted in the British army. Years after World War I came to a halt, William was living in England. In the years prior, when William was traveling for work, he felt he ha d no sense of belong... ... . Accessibility: 5 Reliability: 5 Note: This is accessible when one has internet access. The website is very easy to use and it is very reliable. Michie, R. C., and Philip Williamson. The British Government and the City of London in the Twentieth Century. New York: Cambridge UP, 2004. Print. Accessibility: 4 Reliability: 5 Note: I had not heard of this author, but the publisher is very well know, which established credibility. I received a copy of this source through the Xavier Library. Overy, Robert. "Strategic Intelligence and the Outbreak of the Second World War." War in History 5.4 (1998): 451-80. Print. Accessibility: 5 Reliability: 5 Note: I had not heard of this author, but after some research I found he is a well know British historian. He has spent most of his time studying World War II.

Royal Malaysia Customs Department: Parking Problems

Parking problem at Royal Malaysia Customs Department and its solutions. Parking at the Royal Malaysia Customs Department has been a difficult proposition. Rising the necessary additional units and support staffs have Increased demand for parking. The building is ill-equipped to accommodate the rise of population growth which only exacerbates the problem. Taking into account of the problem, a number of potential solutions are proposed; these include a park and ride information system facilities, bicycle facllltles and vehicle stacking will be further explain below. TheHeadquarters of Royal Malaysia Customs Department Is located in the centre of administration in Putrajaya, in which park and ride services are made available. However, the park and ride lots are a different situation. Location, size, accessibility, cost, and frequency ot transit service can have a significant effect on how popular the service Is. An advanced traveller Information system could be Implemented for the park and ride lots in Centre of Administration in Putrajaya. This would provide real- time details about the availability of parking spaces in each of the park and ride lots through a variety of media.The information provided through this system is likely to be most useful on corridors where there Is both an ‘inner-ring' and ‘outer-ring' park and ride lot. For example. a car coming from precinct 17 is likely to prefer parking at Alamanda Putrajaya since that facility is served by two buses that run more frequently than at the Precinct 8 park and ride lot. If he drives as far as the north to Alamanda Putrajaya, only to find that there are no spaces, he Is left with several choices: drive to the Precinct 8 or Precinct 9 lots. pay for parking on or near offce building, or turn back and park at the precinct 16 lot.In any case, he pays a penalty in lost time and extra petrol; if he parks in town, he will also be paying an additional fee. If, however, he knew that the Alamanda Putr ajaya lot was full before he reached the other lot, he could park there and save himself time, money, and frustration. Second, to be in line with government encouragement to use bicycle, hence the bicycle facility improvements should address two elements in order to embolden the use of this mode. Travel facilities, such as bike lanes, wider shoulders, off-road bike paths, and the like, help make the Journey safer and more pleasant.Storage facilities in the building should be convenient and secure. This could take the form of bike lockers which provide dry, secure storage. Bike shelters could be added in areas with existing bike parking, which would protect parked bikes from the weather. one interesting fact of people who commuted by bicycle to workplace is the amount of money a person could save a year. This makes sense because the cyclist usually less concern about the hike of petrol rates and parking fees. The main concern of a cyclist is likely about the security and protection o t their bicycles while parked.Lastly, nother option to decrease the demand for parking at Royal Malaysia Customs Department is by vehicle stacking, a mechanical parking solution that enables multiple vehicles to be parked in the footprint of a single vehicle. This presents a potential method for increasing the number of parking spaces. In the context of the tOf2 Royal Malaysla customs Department DullOlng, tnls type 0T tecnnology Is only sulta for use in parking decks. Future parking structures could be designed to accommodate vehicle stackers; however, this type of technology requires a trained operator and thus is only suitable for valet parking.These devices are also unsuitable for many types of vehicles, including vans and trucks. Stackers require significant capital outlay per space, plus additional electricity requirements for each stacking mechanism. At the current time, these drawbacks mean that vehicle stacking is unlikely to be a practical solution at Royal Malaysia Customs Department. In conclusion, parking problems at Royal Malaysia Customs Department can be reduced by making efforts to improve the facilities of park and ride information system, provide safer and conducive surrounding to cycle and offer car stacking technology in the building.

English Poetry

Emersonâ€Å"The Echoing Green† and â€Å"The Eolian Harp† â€Å"The Echoing Green† is a poem written by William Blake. It was taken from Blake’s Songs of Innocence, and is also a pictorial poem of Blake’s. In this poem, the poet describes a happy country side view where the arrival of spring is welcomed by sunny skies, and ringing bells. It takes place on an ideal day in the British Isles. Blake uses the theme of innocence and peace throughout the poem. The theme plays out here when Blake states that the skies are happy, the children are playing, and the ’old folk’ who reminisce about their own childhood.This poem is a symbolic and draws a contrast between youth and old age. The spring symbolizes the youth and the children. Morning is the beginning of life and dark evening is the end. The poet symbolizes the innocence of children with birds. The birds are happy and they sing; mocking the children. ’Nest of birds’ symboli zes peace. The poem could be attributed to the life of a person-birth, life, death. Birth being the morning, life being the kids playing, the routines throughout the day, and men reminiscing, and lastly death being the end of the day when all goes dark, and quiet smothers the earth. The Eolian Harp†, is a poem written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Inspired by the peaceful music being played by wind this poem was written for his wife, Sara, while visiting a house of his in Clevedon, Somersetshire. The theme in this poem is also peace, as well as innoncence. Peace comes to him while he ponders on the beauty of nature, and the wonder of God giving him everything around him including Sara. Coleridge personifies nature by comparing it to abstract nouns. For example, the white flower represents innocence.This abstract noun does exactly this: it gives life and character to nature. Coleridge uses unperceived nature to appeal to the human senses. Each are introduce in turn starting with sight through the watching of the clouds and the evening star. The introduction of God towards the end is another vision. ; a vision to the soul. It is now that the audience visualizes the peace that Coleridge feels. The allusion to sight and vision in these poems are significant because of the dept of imagination needed for physical and emotional imagery. It’s full of emotional feelings, as well as physical sight.The audience is needed to picture, and feel what the poet did to understand the poem. For example, both Coleridge and Blake set the poem outside, in nature to show the peace and innocence. These two poems also have central connectedness. They both have vision and sight. Not only emotionally and mentally, but physical as well. There are many times where both poets use deep feelings and thoughts. Hiding meaning behind words, and using polsemes. Blake hides meanings behind his entire poem. Such as: morning being the beginning of life, and evening being the end. English Poetry In ‘Bayonet charge’ and ‘Belfast confetti’ the consequences of war are presented as inhumane, devastating and confusing by the poets. In both poems a range of semantic fields are used to display the confusion of the soldier in ‘Bayonet charge’ and the civilian in ‘Belfast confetti’. For example in ‘Belfast confetti’: â€Å"Nuts, bolts, nails, car-keys. A fount of broken type. And the explosion. Itself – an asterisk on the map. This hyphenated line, a burst of rapid fire†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Several semantic fields are used at once.For instance â€Å"nuts, bolts, nails and car keys† belong to a semantic field of household objects, whilst â€Å"asterisk† and â€Å"hyphenated line† would fit in to a semantic field of punctuation and â€Å"explosion† and â€Å"rapid fire† are part of wars semantic field. This use of variation in semantic fields creates a sense of confusion as the words do not fit in with the scene Carson is trying to paint, much like the civilian does not fit in with the war that is raging on around him. Similarly Hughes also uses the semantic field of nature as metaphors to create confusion: Stumbling across a field of clods towards a green hedge† â€Å"Clods† are something used to describe mud or soil in a field. Here Hughes are using them as a metaphor for the people who had fallen during the charge. This metaphor shows how disorientated the soldier is, â€Å"stumbling† around the field oblivious to what he was walking through. However the poet makes the soldiers ignorance sound as if it was forced, that in order to make it through the battle he had to ignore what was happening to his comrades.The metaphor â€Å"field of clods† also shows the inhumanity applied to warfare, making the soldiers appear as nothing more than pieces of earth not human beings who had lives and families. It also shows how devastating the battle s were, as an entire field has been covered with the remains of those fighting. â€Å"Green hedge†, another metaphor used in the quotation I have chosen, used to describe the end of the soldiers time on the battlefield. I felt that this was particularly powerful as the colour green and nature, in general, are used to represent life and hope, something which would seem out f place in a battlefield meaning that the metaphor also serves as an oxymoron. Both poems consist of many enjambments. Structuring the poem in such a way causes the poems to gain a stop, start rhythm. I felt that this made them sound like the train of thought coming from the subject of each poem. Often cutting off and continuing or switching points completely much like a person in a state of confusion unable to focus solely on one thing before finding more questions to ask to attempt to ease their confused state.By setting the poems out this way both Carson and Hughes allow the reader to be enveloped in the same state of confusion creating empathy between the reader and the subject. Hughes uses mechanical imagery in order to show the inhumane consequences of war: â€Å"Sweating like molten iron from the centre of his chest† The use of the simile â€Å"Molten iron† makes the soldier sound mechanical and inhumane as it appears to be coming from within the â€Å"centre of his chest†.This suggests that the poet believes that war and conflict devastates a persons humanity, becoming nothing more than a weapon. This also adds to the effect of the verb â€Å"Sweating† showing us that despite how inhumane the soldier may be, he is still scared enough to be â€Å"Sweating† conveying his fear to the reader. Meanwhile Carson explores the devastating effect war has on the land it takes place on: â€Å"I know this labyrinth so well† The contrast within the quotation displays how much the area has been ruined.The phrase â€Å"So well† emphasises the de gree to which the subject knows the area he is talking about, the personal address term â€Å"I know† also creates a sense of desperation and longing for the town this person had once known but would now have to use a map to find the right road. â€Å"Labyrinth†, more likely to be found in Greek mythology, describes a maze almost impossible to escape or find your way around. Here this metaphor displays the extent of the damage done to the town.So devastated and unrecognisable that a person who, presumably, had lived there most of their lives could get lost. Overall the poets use metaphors and enjambments to allow the reader to empathise with the subjects of the poems allowing us to see how the consequences of war would have affected them. I personally found Carsons use of contrast and reference to Greek mythology particularly evocative, letting us see the scale of devastation caused by war.

Design and Development for a Charity Website The WritePass Journal

Design and Development for a Charity Website 1.   Specification of requirements for the web-site Design and Development for a Charity Website 1.   Specification of requirements for the web-site1.1.  Introduction 1.2. Research on identical web-projects1.3.   Identifying stakeholders1.4.   Setting up web-site requirementsv  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Purposev  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Look and feelv  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Performancev  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Functionalityv  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Security2.  Web-project lifecycle2.1. Specifying the project execution phases2.2. Gantt chart and schedule1.3.  Ã‚  Approximate cost of the project3.Web-site back-up systems3.1. Introduction 3.2. Backing up online1.3.  Physical onsite backup measures1.4.   RecommendationSourcesRelated 1.   Specification of requirements for the web-site 1.1.  Introduction The charity organization has asked the manager to project-manage the design, development, and launch procedures of the web-site, specialists for which are going to be outsourced taking into account the fact that the charity doesn’t have web-specialists in-house. In short, it becomes the sole responsibility of the project manager to specify the functionality of the web-site in order to fulfil the requirements of the charity organization, event organizers, and donators; moreover, the manager will have to draft a process schedule or plan of work lifecycle, demonstrating critical points in time when charity organizers will have to be involved into web-development process.Further, the project-manager is responsible for ensuring that a viable back-up solution is put in place for recovery of the financial and other data in case of information loss or damage. In simpler terms, the task is to plan initial stages in the project prior to any technical implementations, so that issues or p otential problems associated with that will be foreseen early on and recovered or mitigated with minimal losses and expenditures. 1.2. Research on identical web-projects The project manager has researched the web-space on similar or more or less identical charity web-sites and the following strengths and useful features for all of them have been emphasized: All charity websites must be visually engaging, however stay moderately interactive, so that people with visual, hearing impairments and learning challenges can easily access and enjoy the contents. Therefore, some overly sophisticated and distracting features, like sound, must be omitted. Homepage design is a highly substantial part of the whole web-site, whereby the single page can persuade a single user or the entire funding organization to donate to the cause, allow for fast and speedy navigation, and introduce to the objective of the current web-project. Therefore, it is clear from the outset that the precise range of target users must be identified first so that the web-site homepage is oriented towards those users. Support for social media must be leveraged properly by means of seamless integration between the website and social media channels so that the user shares his experience on social networks and forums (Facebook, LinkedIn); it might be feasible to implement forum directly on the   website, but   technically it will involve extra financial and time costs. The content management system might be adjusted to the needs of volunteers/supporters/beneficiaries through Intranet, for example, by allowing logins and personal profiles to the volunteers for sharing comments. The additional feature would be to allow volunteers to take part in creating, updating, and complementing the web-site content by making suggestions and recommendations as well as telling different stories: this feature helps attract more volunteers and members. Clients will also have to be cared for: clients might even take parts in forum discussions and idea-sharing regarding some acute topic, like orphan children or homeless; users of the website can be allowed to publish their own works of art, drawing, or essays on the website, which, although time and budget-consuming, may facilitate more user engagement and participation in the charity cause.   The website must follow the rule of cost-effectiveness: in other words, the website design and implementation investment will have to be paid off by the returns in the form of donations. There must be option for online donations and online fund-raising through the usage of direct mails or special appeals   Properly constructed funding application especially for medium and large donators is present in most sites   Some websites even offer subscription membership options for money; moreover, sites can allow all members, including users/volunteers/donators to purchase the charity’s own merchandize and book trainings for fees (related to the charity causes of course) Search engine optimization is concerned with adjusting site content to search engine or Google indexation, so that the content must be of a good quality and easily searched by relevancy. Some charities are advertised on Google platforms for free: those charity web-sites gain Google grants by submitting properly constructed grant applications to Google Corporation. Content of the website must be unheavy and precisely communicating the objective of the web-site; moreover, it must be periodically updated with news and other novices. Almost all of these features are considered important for a charity web-site and therefore can be implemented in the current project. 1.3.   Identifying stakeholders Web-project stakeholders are identified as follows: Charity organization-the primary customer and stakeholder; the final decision is made by the charity management Event organizers-volunteers and members of the web-site that will arrange events for fundraising and post the events on the web-site Donors- users that will donate money either online or by filling out the application form Web-designer and developer- the parties responsible for implementing the web-site 1.4.   Setting up web-site requirements Taking into account all stakeholders in the process of web-site build-up and the commonest features of existing charity web-sites, the following requirements for the particular web-site have been set up: v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Purpose The primary purpose of the web-site is to communicate the importance of helping fellow humans who suffer from various insufficiencies to all potential users of the website; this can be done through collaboration of the charity organization with event organizers and posting different events on the site’s homepage. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Look and feel The homepage design must be visually engaging but clean and neat without any extra distractions:   it is possible to include one reach Flash movie at the top of the page for adding dynamics to the page and greater interactivity. The homepage structure might be organized into 4 sections, including banner with logo, navigation bar, login, sign up, and search options; dynamic main content section with updatable content and news; side-bar section for advertisements of membership and merchandize, new and up-coming events; footer with the information about the charity, contact details, and site map. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Performance For large funding institutions it will most likely be essential to be able to fill a properly constructed funding application form and submitting it online by uploading it back on the website or send by post. In the navigation bar there will be option for donors to donate either online, using PayPal or credit/debit card services, or by submitting application form. Single donors are likely to pay straightaway online. However, the site is mostly oriented towards large funding institutions Some event organizers will be able to post their ads and offer trainings or charity cause-related merchandize to donors on the side-bar of the pages through CMS and personal logins   Users should be able to navigate easily through the website and in case they wish to donate online, they should be able to specify on their own the sum that they donate Charity organization can update or make amendments to the website content through CMS, with their own administrator login v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Functionality The web project should have a content management system for administrator or charity organization itself to constantly make updates and amendments to the content of existing pages, rearrange the site structure and reassemble menu, monitor commenting in forums, control user registration, and administer online shop: this can be done by means of Extranet/Intranet and administrator login. Extranet will also allow members (basic membership for free, premium membership- for some amount of fees) to login to their personal profiles and make comments, take part in forum, or post their own works of art or writing to the website for a public use or for small fees; the money from premium membership will go to charity causes. All users that want to take part in the charity’s active social live or organize events for charity causes will first have to register with the website, submit their details as follows: Full name Country of residence Date of birth Current address/post code E-mail and telephone number A particular charity cause they are interested in Password v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This volunteer-type access will ensure that volunteers can also make minor amendments to their posted ads and events, and will be constantly sent newsletters or alerts from the web-master. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Security Security issues are related to web-site hacking and vicious malware that may block the content of the website from showing up, may trigger alerts popping up to the user trying to access the web-site, may suddenly decrease the traffic, make malicious modifications to the web-site files, code, and root folder and compromise the web-site content, down to disabling the administrator from accessing the content and damaging or deleting the business data, thereby leading to the loss of business and reputation of the site. Besides, web-sites featuring embedded blogs, forums, CMS or image galleries are particularly vulnerable to injections of hidden illicit content that is not always noticed from the first sight. For ensuring against such accidents on websites and blogs there are different Website Security monitoring systems, such as WebDefender. However, currently many web-design and development agencies offer hosting services which also include technical support packages and security featur es already embedded into the system. In principle, security is going to be implemented through the use of appropriate software that hosting organization can provide alongside with preventive measures that the web-administrator takes to monitor the content flow and the files being uploaded by means of CMS. 2.  Web-project lifecycle 2.1. Specifying the project execution phases The web-site project was determined to be oriented towards iterative lifecycle, depicted in the figure 2.1. The advantages of iterative lifecycle include greater interactivity and process control by the customers, which will allow completing one full cycle first and then deciding if the complete product of the cycle satisfies the requirements; if the charity management is dissatisfied with the finished product of one lifecycle, the entire lifecycle starts again until the web-site complies with all wishes and requirements of the committee. 1.  Ã‚  First meeting and analysis of the prerequisites: discussion of the site requirements and purpose with both charity management as well as with web-designer and developer; arrangement of kick-off meetings or the communication means throughout the project. 2.  Ã‚  Preparing the proposal: specify the site requirements together with costs involved in the project proposal, which is presented first to the managers and after having obtained their agreement, goes off to the web-designer and developer. 3.   Design: web-designer comes up with a template(s) front-end for the web-project in collaboration with prototype functionality of the website generated by developer.                   4.  Ã‚  Content: the content is developed in collaboration with web-designers, managers, and interested event-organizers. 5.   Ã‚  Design and content approval: combined design and content are presented to the charity management/committee and passed on to the next stage in case of approval. 6.  Ã‚  Coding/developing phase: once the design and content are approved by the charity management and several important event-organizers, the developer builds design-consistent back-end of the site, using appropriate platform and commercially-viable framework. As a result the coding phase produces the dynamic content of the web-project.                      7.  Ã‚  Heavy web-application testing: different types of testing should take place after the completion of the design-coding processes as to ensure the user-compatibility and loading/traffic resilience. Testing will most probably be done by software testing specialists who will generate a report and sign off the web-site if it contains no bugs and complies with the above-mentioned requirements.                        8.  Final web-site approval meeting and presentation: charity organizers will have to approve of the final product and sign off the actual web-site completion phase.                         9.  Web-site promotion: official web-site domain and host service registration together with engine injection; applying for advertisement space-grant on Google. Maintenance and updating:   rather continuous process and will have to be systematically utilized for web-site technical support and content management. 2.2. Gantt chart and schedule For the convenience, the project manager can construct the schedule and Gantt chart of his own contributions to the project. Basically, his schedule will not include project execution details and technical implementations, but very broad picture of basic project stages. Both his schedule and Gantt chart are shown in the table and figure consecutively. The ongoing assumption is that the project inception started on March 1 and proceeds till 20 of April of the next year, thus taking roughly 9 months of time. Table 2.2 and figure 2.2. show the visual representation of the time allocated to the web-project. 1.3.  Ã‚  Approximate cost of the project The costs presumably involved into the process can be described in the following table (some unpredicted costs or contingency expenditures are not taken into account): 3.Web-site back-up systems 3.1. Introduction It is inevitable that the web-site project should be backed-up by not only hard drive on the computer, which will be prone to sudden damages, but also on other reliable media as well as somewhere in the remote location, so that if one location happens to experience flood, fire, or other emergencies, the data is still secure and kept safe. As the website contents are going to be dynamic, the updated contents should be backed up regularly as well. 3.2. Backing up online There are different ways to back up the system, not least of them resorting to external parties to back up your data online, so-called application cloud services or remote back-up services. Cloud servers are best to exploit when there is little computing resource in-house to maintain the site regularly; the companies like Backup Technologies, Mozy, Safesync Trend Micro, Norton, M4 systems utilize special software on their remote servers for recovery and back-up of files, e-mails, and databases. However, there are security concerns related to online backing up as, although slightest, there is a chance of hacking the servers on the network and damaging the data. 1.3.  Physical onsite backup measures Another option would be to exploit physical back-up such as tape drives. The only concern about the tape-back-up is its costliness: tape drives are the most reliable media for backing up large chunks of data and therefore can cost up to  £ 700 for a drive. Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) is another popular option for storing and backing up the web-site in-house, on internal servers. RAID systems nowadays can come already embedded into end-user interfaces, although the possibility of purchasing RAID externally for a charity office server will allow for wider and more relevant choice to be made. RAID systems have three most substantial advantages over other back-up systems in terms of redundancy (if one drive of the whole bunch of hard drives on RAID gets damaged, it can be easily replaced without affecting other disks, usually using mirroring technique), increased performance (dependent on versions of RAID used and the number of drives, usually RAID 0+1 version), and lower costs as compared to tape drives (for the charity the RAID used is one with 4 TB of storing capacity with the moderate cost up to  £500. 1.4.   Recommendation For the current web-project it is decided to use RAID backup system, which will cost  £ 500 together with online back-up for  £30 a year. This solution is the most viable as it ensures against data damage and loss both online and offline, thus creating double fortification of the invaluable business content. Sources Anon, Practical Guide to Dealing With Google’s Malware Warnings. Available at: unmaskparasites.com/malware-warning-guide/ [Accessed April 1, 2011]. Anon, What is RAID? Available at: http://compreviews.about.com/od/storage/l/aaRAIDPage1.htm [Accessed April 1, 2011]. Anon, Web site development process The processes and steps. Available at: macronimous.com/resources/web_development_life_cycle.asp#link7 [Accessed April, 2, 2011]. Anon, Online Backup Software | Carbonite. Available at: carbonite.com/ [Accessed April 3, 2011]. Anon, UNICEF UK: Children’s Appeal. Available at: unicef.org.uk/landing-pages/Childrens-Appeal/?gclid=CPXlmv7XzqgCFQRqfAodd0AAig [Accessed April 3, 2011]. Anon, Sponsor a Child | Child Sponsorship | Children’s Charity | Sponsor Children : World Vision UK. Available at: worldvision.org.uk/server.php?show=nav.29rw.cm=ENGINE,PPC,gclid=CIDu2ZXYzqgCFcRtfAodkBM9jg [Accessed April 3, 2011]. Anon, Action for Sick Children Welcome  :: Available at: actionforsickchildren.org/ [Accessed April 3, 2011].

Crystal Eastman, Feminist, Civil Libertarian, Pacifist

Crystal Eastman, Feminist, Civil Libertarian, Pacifist Crystal Eastman (June 25, 1881–July 8, 1928) was a lawyer and writer who was involved in socialism, the peace movement, women’s issues, and civil liberties. Her popular essay,  Now We Can Begin: What’s Next?: Beyond Woman Suffrage addressed what women needed to do after winning suffrage, to take advantage of the vote. She was also a co-founder of the American Civil Liberties Union. Fast Facts: Crystal Eastman Known For: Lawyer, writer, and organizer who was involved in socialism, the peace movement, women’s issues, civil liberties. Co-founder of the American Civil Liberties UnionAlso Known As: Crystal Catherine EastmanBorn: June 25, 1881 in Marlborough, MassachusettsParents: Samuel Elijah Eastman, Annis Bertha FordDied: July 8, 1928Education: Vassar College  (Master of Arts in sociology, 1903), Columbia University  (1904), New York University Law School (J.D., 1907)Published Works: The Liberator (socialist newspaper established by Eastman and her brother Max),  Now We Can Begin: What’s Next?: Beyond Woman Suffrage (influential feminist essay)Awards and Honors: National Womens Hall of Fame (2000)Spouse(s): Wallace Benedict (m. 1911–1916), Walter Fuller (m. 1916–1927)Children: Jeffrey Fuller, Annis FullerNotable Quote: I am not interested in women just because theyre women. I am interested, however, in seeing that they are no longer classed with children an d minors. Early Life and Education Crystal Eastman was born in 1881 in Marlboro, Massachusetts, the daughter of two progressive parents. Her mother, as an ordained minister, had fought against restrictions on women’s roles.  Eastman attended  Vassar College, then Columbia University, and finally law school at New York University.  She graduated second in her law school class. Workers’ Compensation During her last year of education, she became involved in the circle of social reformers in Greenwich Village. She lived with her brother Max Eastman and other radicals. She was a part of the  Heterodoxy Club. Just out of college, she investigated workplace accidents, funded by the Russel Sage Foundation, and published her findings in 1910.  Her work led her to an appointment by the New York governor to the Employers’ Liability Commission, where she was the only female commissioner. She helped shape recommendations based on her workplace investigations, and in 1910, the legislature in New York adopted the first workers’ compensation program in America. Suffrage Eastman married Wallace Benedict in 1911. Her husband was an insurance agent in Milwaukee, and they moved to Wisconsin after getting married. There, she became involved in the campaign of 1911 to win a state woman’s suffrage amendment, which failed. By 1913, she and her husband were separated. From 1913 to 1914, Eastman served as an attorney, working for the federal Commission on Industrial Relations. The failure of the Wisconsin campaign led Eastman to the conclusion that work would be better focused on a national suffrage amendment. She joined  Alice Paul  and  Lucy Burns  in urging the  National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)  to change tactics and focus, helping to begin the Congressional Committee within the NAWSA in 1913. Finding the NAWSA would not change, later that year the organization separated from its parent and became the  Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, evolving into the National Woman’s Party in 1916.  She lectured and traveled to promote women’s suffrage. In 1920, when the suffrage movement won the vote, she published her essay, â€Å"Now We Can Begin.†Ã‚  The premise of the essay was that the vote was not the end of a struggle, but the beginning- a tool for women to become involved in political decision-making and address the many remaining feminist issues to promote women’s freedom. Eastman, Alice Paul, and several others wrote a proposed federal  Equal Rights Amendment  to work for further equality for women beyond the vote.  The ERA did not pass Congress until 1972, and not enough states ratified it by the deadline established by Congress. Peace Movement In 1914, Eastman also became involved in working for peace. She was among the founders of the Woman’s Peace Party, with Carrie Chapman Catt, and helped recruit  Jane Addams  to become involved. She and Jane Addams differed on many topics; Addams denounced the â€Å"casual sex† common in the younger Eastman’s circle. In 1914, Eastman became the executive secretary of the American Union Against Militarism (AUAM), whose members came to include even Woodrow Wilson. Eastman and brother Max published  The Masses, a socialist journal that was explicitly anti-militarist. By 1916, Eastman’s marriage formally ended with a divorce. She refused any alimony, on feminist grounds. She remarried the same year, this time to British antimilitarism activist and journalist Walter Fuller. They had two children and often worked together in their activism. When the United States entered the First World War, Eastman responded to the institution of the draft and of laws prohibiting criticism of the war by joining with Roger Baldwin and Norman Thomas to found a group within AUAM. The Civil Liberties Bureau that they initiated defended the right to be conscientious objectors to serving in the military, and also defended civil liberties including free speech. The Bureau evolved into the American Civil Liberties Union. The end of the war also marked the beginning of ​a separation from Eastman’s husband, who left to go back to London to find work. She occasionally traveled to London to visit him, and eventually established a home there for herself and her children, maintaining that â€Å"marriage under two roofs makes room for moods.† Death and Legacy Walter Fuller died after a stroke in 1927, and Eastman returned to New York with her children. She died the next year of nephritis. Friends took over the raising of her two children. Eastman and her brother Max published a socialist journal from 1917 to 1922 called the  Liberator, which had a circulation of 60,000 at its peak.  Her reform work, including her involvement with socialism, led to her blacklisting during the 1919–1920 Red Scare. During her career, she published many articles on the topics of interest to her, especially on social reform, women’s issues, and peace. After she was blacklisted, she found paying work primarily around feminist issues. In 2000, Eastman was inducted into the National Womens Hall of Fame for co-founding the ACLU as well as work on social issues, civil liberties, and womans suffrage. Sources Cott, Nancy F., and Elizabeth H. Pleck.  A Heritage of Her Own: Toward a New Social History of American Women. Simon and Schuster, 1979â€Å"Crystal Eastman.†Ã‚  American Civil Liberties Union.â€Å"Eastman, Crystal.†Ã‚  National Womens Hall of Fame.

Concussions in the NFL, an its affect on current and retired NFL Essay

Concussions in the NFL, an its affect on current and retired NFL Players - Essay Example To limit the number and severity of future injuries, the dual-prong strategy concentrates on increasing awareness of the dangers of concussions and of their symptoms, and of using advanced medical technology to better diagnose and treat injuries, and to create and evaluate novel treatment options. This study will look at the efficacy of the rules enacted by the NFL by taking a look at the concussions suffered before and after the enactment of these new regulations. Reason for the Study According to the Center for Disease Control, amongst the general population traumatic brain injury â€Å"is a contributing factor to one third of all injury-related deaths in the United States.† That’s roughly 52,000 deaths associated with the 1.7 million reported annual concussions (2010). Hypothesis The new regulations have been ineffective statistically in protecting players from neurological insult. Previous Research Currently, there are eleven players league-wide with reported concus sions and another eight listed with head injuries (Schefter 2009). There are an average of 1 ? to 2 concussions per game (Associated Press 2010). While the average concussion is the result of 95 g’s of acceleration to the skull, American football players experience of 103 g’s or more (Malinowski 2010). 2.